E31_2 To obtain business licenses and permits - Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that companies like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often they would make payments/gifts for the following purposes?
Economy Never Seldom Frequently Always DK/refuse
Balkan Barometer 2023
Region 60 10 11 3 16
Albania 80 10 7 3 2
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
42 12 26 0 19
Croatia n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Kosovo* 99 1 0 0 0
North Macedonia 47 14 15 0 23
Montenegro 64 17 8 1 12
Serbia 57 9 7 4 21
Balkan Barometer 2022
Region 41 23 15 5 16
Albania 62 19 11 4 5
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
29 26 28 3 13
Croatia n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Kosovo* 63 15 15 3 4
North Macedonia 61 11 9 1 16
Montenegro 34 17 19 2 30
Serbia 32 28 13 7 20
Balkan Barometer 2021
Region 44 21 17 2 17
Albania 55 27 8 2 8
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
25 23 36 4 13
Croatia n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Kosovo* 75 11 5 1 8
North Macedonia 51 21 19 2 9
Montenegro 35 17 14 3 32
Serbia 23 26 20 2 30
Balkan Barometer 2020
Region 52 18 11 2 17
Albania 75 12 11 0 1
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
45 17 11 5 22
Croatia n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Kosovo* 59 16 16 3 8
North Macedonia 49 16 11 0 24
Montenegro 39 15 21 3 21
Serbia 49 20 10 1 19
Balkan Barometer 2019
Region 58 14 11 3 14
Albania 60 16 9 3 12
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
54 20 19 1 6
Croatia n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Kosovo* 69 9 8 5 9
North Macedonia 49 19 10 2 21
Montenegro 45 9 12 7 27
Serbia 73 9 9 1 8
Balkan Barometer 2018
Region 50 17 13 2 18
Albania 80 15 4 0 2
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
60 5 10 3 21
Croatia n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Kosovo* 39 21 27 2 12
North Macedonia 71 14 4 2 10
Montenegro 41 21 15 7 17
Serbia 34 24 17 1 24
Balkan Barometer 2017
Region 60 17 13 1 8
Albania 54 30 14 1 3
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
51 15 10 2 22
Croatia 88 8 1 0 2
Kosovo* 47 47 5 0 2
North Macedonia 54 30 13 3 0
Montenegro 34 20 11 2 33
Serbia 35 19 33 2 11
Balkan Barometer 2016
Region 64 13 11 3 9
Albania 40 22 24 14 0
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
73 5 7 2 13
Croatia 84 7 3 1 4
Kosovo* 38 42 14 6 1
North Macedonia 65 10 9 3 14
Montenegro 44 13 6 2 35
Serbia 47 16 21 1 14
Balkan Barometer 2015
Region 75 12 5 1 8
Albania 61 30 7 2 0
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
72 11 7 4 8
Croatia 81 9 4   5
Kosovo* 64 20 7 7 4
North Macedonia 62 15 8 1 16
Montenegro 76 12 5 1 7
Serbia 76 9 3 0 12